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Compare Christmas Island (2001) - Christmas Island (2008)
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| Christmas Island (2001) | Christmas Island (2008) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
| Agriculture - products | NA | NA |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | 1 (2007) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
| Area | total:
135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. The phosphate mine, closed in 1987, was reopened four years later, but the need for an alternative industry has spurred investment in tourism. Old mining areas are being restored, and almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | NA |
| Budget | revenues:
$NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA |
| Capital | The Settlement | name: The Settlement
geographic coordinates: 10 25 S, 105 43 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Climate | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds | tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds |
| Coastline | 138.9 km | 138.9 km |
| Constitution | Christmas Island Act of 1958 | Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | - |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | NA |
| Debt - external | $NA | - |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories | non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Attorney-General's Department |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened by union workers. With the support of the government, Australian-based Casinos Austria International Ltd. built a $34 million casino on Christmas Island, which opened in 1993. As of yearend 1999, gaming facilities at the casino were temporarily closed but were expected to reopen in early 2000. Another economic prospect is the possible location of a space-launching site on the island. | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993, but closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, expected to begin operations in the near future. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | - |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | - |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 61%, Malay 25%, European 11%, other 3%, no indigenous population | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | $NA | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | phosphate |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | Australia, NZ (2006) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island
note: the flag of Australia is used for official purposes |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
- |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | - |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 10 30 S, 105 40 E |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean |
| Highways | total:
140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry) paved: 30 km unpaved: 110 km (1999) |
- |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
- |
| Imports | $NA | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | principally Australia (2006) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | - |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | - |
| International organization participation | none | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | NA | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
NA% permanent crops: NA% permanent pastures: NA% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA% note: mainly tropical rainforest of which 60%-70% is in a national park |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005) |
| Languages | English, Chinese, Malay | English (official), Chinese, Malay |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2001) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 20 October 2007 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
NA years male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | - | NA |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
12 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | - |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| National holiday | NA | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) |
| Nationality | noun:
Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island |
noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | phosphate | phosphate, beaches |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | NA |
| Political parties and leaders | none | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
| Population | 2,771 (July 2001 est.) | 1,402 (July 2006 est.) (July 2007 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | - |
| Population growth rate | 7.77% (2001 est.) | 0% (2007 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | - |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006) |
| Radios | 1,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 24 km to serve phosphate mines | - |
| Religions | Buddhist 55%, Christian 15%, Muslim 10%, other 20% (1991) | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) |
| Sex ratio | - | NA |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service |
general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1999) | - |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | NA |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | - |
| Waterways | none | - |
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